|
澳洲的研究表明，学生和自己比较要比和同学比较更能取得学业上的成功。 这份对于1866名澳洲中学生的研究发现，那些努力提高自己个人最好成绩的学生更有可能在英文和数学成绩好，更有可能完成他们的作业和有更好的班级参与度。他们也更有可能在学业上有更有志向，在他们的学习上有更多的执着和坚持。 在最新的一期国际性的关于学习和个体差异方面的期刊里，悉尼大学的研究对班级同学之间竞争和学生之间比较的教育价值提出了挑战。来自于悉尼大学的两位研究者Andrew Martin和Gregory Lim跟踪调查了一你里学生们的学业进展情况。 Martin教授说，当学生们在一个竞争性的学校环境里，那里学生们的表现是以和他们竞争者的比较来衡量的时候，就违背了要关注于帮助学生提高他们自己个人表现的目标。 “我们接受竞争的确是生活中的现实，所以学生们得在竞争的情况下完成和达到其学业目标，但是处理这些竞争情况的有效的方法是和自己竞争，和你自己过去达到的成绩竞争，这好过你和别人竞争。” “我们从我们的研究里得知，当你更多的着眼于企图打败别人，那么你的自我意识就更低，你就会更焦虑。所以“做自己个人最好”是很好的办法来避免,当在竞争性的环境里上面的不利状况。” 联邦政府的My School网站强调学校间的比较，但是Martin教授说：“真正的教育上的进步是发生在学生个体层面的。过多的关注于学校排名和学校间的比较，会让我们忘记了在学生个体层面上真正会发生的现实。” To aim for the top of the class, aim for a personal best Anna Patty EDUCATION EDITOR May 27, 2010 - 3:00AM STUDENTS achieve greater academic success by competing with themselves instead of with each other, Australian research has found. The study of 1866 Australian high school students found that students who strive to improve their personal best performance were more likely to achieve higher literacy and numeracy standards, complete their homework and participate in class. They were also more likely to have higher academic aspirations and be more persistent with their studies. Published in the latest issue of the international journal Learning and Individual Differences, the University of Sydney study challenges the educational value of competition between classmates and comparisons between students. Andrew Martin and a colleague, Gregory Lim, from the university's Department of Education and Social Work, followed the progress of students over the course of a year. Professor Martin said that while students were schooled in a competitive environment where their performance was measured against peers, this should be countered with a focus on helping students improve their individual performance. ''We accept competition is a reality of life, so students will have to perform and achieve under competitive conditions, but an effective way of handling those competitive conditions is to compete with yourself and your previous best, more than competing with others,'' he said. ''We know from our research that the more you focus on [attempting to beat others], the lower your self-esteem and the more anxious you can become, and so personal bests are a great way to avoid that happening while performing well in competitive conditions.'' The federal government's My School website emphasised comparisons between schools, but Professor Martin said that ''real educational progress really occurs at the individual student level''. ''The risk of excessive focus on league tables and ranks and school comparisons is that we forget that the rubber really hits the road at the individual student level,'' he said. This story was found at: http://www.smh.com.au/national/e ... -20100526-webr.html |
